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第四章 時態
4-1 4-2
4-3 4-4
不規則動詞
薯條：「不規則動詞名稱的由來，就是因為其過去式與過去分詞的形成是不規則。而既然是不規則，那也就沒有規則可以可背，只能像是用記九九乘法表的方式來背誦不規則動詞表。」
豆子：「什麼叫做用背九九乘法表的方法式來背？」
薯條：「我們背九九乘法表，是依照224、236、248…9981的方式來背的。同樣的方式也可以用不規則動詞的原型、過去式、過去分詞三態。
比如：跑 run ran run，贏
win won won，像背九九乘法一樣，重複地朗誦到可以直覺地脫口而出動詞的三態為止。
這樣了解嗎？
不規則動詞表
豆子：「所以要念到如九九乘法表，聽到run，馬上就可以直接反射出ran
run為止。」
薯條：「是的。以下是不規則動詞的三態表。」
如把不規則動詞依 現在式，過去式，過去分詞排列，那麼不規則動詞的變化可分為下列三種：
1.
三式同形----A-A-A型
2.
二式同形----A-A-B型，A-B-A型，A-B-B型
3.
三式不同形-A-B-C型
請你一要把它們全背起來。因為這些不規則動詞的使用頻率很高。
三型同型----A-A-A型
(註 [ ] 內為音標，若無對應的字體，會變成亂碼，kk音標字體下載)
|
賭 |
bet [b5t] |
bet |
bet |
|
吩咐 |
bid [b6d] |
bid |
bid |
|
價值，花費 |
cost [k7st] |
cost |
cost |
|
切，割 |
cut [k9t] |
cut |
cut |
|
擊，打中 |
hit [h6t] |
hit |
hit |
|
傷害 |
hurt [h-t] |
hurt |
hurt |
|
讀 |
read [rid] |
read[r5d] |
read[r5d] |
|
置，沒入 |
set [s5t] |
set |
set |
|
流出 |
shed []5d] |
shed |
shed |
|
關，閉 |
shut []9t] |
shut |
shut |
|
吐出 |
spit [sp6t] |
spit |
spit |
|
裂開 |
split [spl6t] |
split |
split |
|
散佈 |
spread [spr5d] |
spread |
spread |
|
推翻 |
upset [9p`s5t] |
upset |
upset |
二式同形----A-A-B型
|
打 |
beat [bit] |
beat |
beaten [`bitx] |
二式同形----
A-B-A型
|
跑 |
run[r9n] |
ran[r1n] |
run |
|
來 |
come[k9m] |
came[kem] |
come |
|
成為 |
become[b6`k9m] |
became[b6`kem] |
become |
|
克服 |
overcome[,ov0`k9m] |
overcame[,ov0`kem] |
overcome |
二式同形----
A-B-B型
|
說 |
say [se] |
said [s5d] |
said |
|
放置 |
lay [le] |
laid [led] |
laid |
|
付款 |
pay [pe] |
paid [ped] |
paid |
|
賣 |
sell [s5l] |
sold [sold] |
sold |
|
告訴 |
tell [t5l] |
told [told] |
told |
|
捕 |
catch [k1t]] |
caught [k7t] |
caught |
|
教 |
teach [tit]] |
taught [t7t] |
taught |
|
戰 |
fight [fa6t] |
fought [f7t] |
fought |
|
買 |
buy [ba6] |
bought [b7t] |
bought |
|
帶來 |
bring [br6;] |
brought [br7t] |
brought |
|
想 |
think [q6;k] |
thought [q7t] |
thought |
|
尋求 |
seek [sik] |
sought [s7t] |
sought |
|
有，使，吃喝，經歷 |
have [h1v]
has [h6r] |
had [h1d] |
had |
|
聽 |
hear [h6r] |
heard [h-d] |
heard |
|
做 |
make [mek] |
made [med] |
made |
|
建造 |
build [b6ld] |
built [b6lt] |
built |
|
學習 |
learn [l-n] |
learned [`l-n6d]
learnt [l-nt] |
learned
learnt |
|
借給，貸 |
lend [l5nd] |
lent [l5nt] |
lent |
|
寄，送 |
send [s5nd] |
sent [s5nt] |
sent |
|
彎 |
bend [p5nd] |
bent [b5nt] |
bent |
|
花費 |
spend [sp5nd] |
spent [sp5nt] |
spent |
|
坐 |
sit [s6t] |
sat [s1t] |
sat |
|
得 |
get [g5t] |
got [g3t] |
got |
|
射 |
shoot []ut] |
shot []3t] |
shot |
|
失，輸 |
lose [luz] |
lost [l7st] |
lost |
|
勝 |
win [w6n] |
won [w9n] |
won |
|
照耀 |
shine []a6n] |
shone []on] |
shone |
|
聞，嗅 |
smell [sm5l] |
smelt [sm5lt] |
smelt |
|
拼字 |
spell [sp5l] |
spelt [sp5lt] |
spelt |
|
把握 |
hold [hold] |
held [s5ld] |
held |
|
感覺 |
feel [kip] |
felt [f5lt] |
felt |
|
保持 |
keep [kip] |
kept [k5pt] |
kept |
|
哭 |
weep [wip] |
wept [w5pt] |
wept |
|
睡 |
sleep [slip] |
slept [sl5pt] |
slept |
|
掃 |
sweep [swip] |
swept [sw5pt] |
swept |
|
跪 |
kneel [nil] |
knelt [n5lt] |
knelt |
|
爬行 |
creep [krip] |
crept [kr5pt] |
crept |
|
遇到 |
meet [mit] |
met [m5t] |
met |
|
飼養 |
feed [fid] |
fed [f5d] |
fed |
|
流血 |
bleed [blid] |
bled [bl5d] |
bled |
|
逃 |
flee [fli] |
fled [fl5d] |
fled |
|
領導 |
lead [lid] |
led [l5d] |
led |
|
離開 |
leave [liv] |
left [l5ft] |
left |
|
處理 |
deal [dil] |
dealt [d5lt] |
dealt |
|
意指，意欲 |
mean [min] |
meant [m5nt] |
meant |
|
挖掘 |
dig [d6g] |
dug [d9g] |
dug |
|
黏貼 |
stick [st6k] |
stuck [st9k] |
stuck |
|
打，擊 |
strike [stra6k] |
struck [str9k] |
struck |
|
掛，吊 |
hang [h1;] |
hung [h9;] |
hung |
|
搖擺 |
swing [sw6;] |
swung [sw9;] |
swung |
|
刺 |
sting [st6;] |
stung [st9;] |
stung |
|
紡織 |
spin [sp6n] |
spun [sp9n] |
spun |
|
站立 |
stand [st1nd] |
stood [st8d] |
stood |
|
知道，懂 |
understand [,9nd0`st1nd] |
understood [,9nd0`st8d] |
understood |
|
發現 |
find [fa6nd] |
found [fa8nd] |
found |
|
綑綁 |
bind [ba6nd] |
bound [ba8nd] |
bound |
|
研磨 |
grind [gra6nd] |
ground [gra8nd] |
ground |
|
捲動 |
wind [wa6nd] |
wound [wa8nd] |
wound |
三式不同形-A-B-C型
|
唱 |
sing [s6;] |
sang [s1;] |
sung [s9;] |
|
下沈 |
sink [s6;k] |
sank [s1;k] |
sunk [s9;k] |
|
鳴，響 |
ring [r6;] |
rang [r1;] |
rung [r9;] |
|
喝 |
drink [dr6;k] |
drank [dr1;k] |
drunk [dr9;k] |
|
跳躍 |
spring [spr6;] |
sprang [spr1;] |
sprung [spr9;] |
|
開始 |
begin [b6`g6n] |
began [b6`g1n] |
begun [b6`g9n] |
|
游泳 |
swim [sw6m] |
swam [sw1m] |
swum [sw9m] |
|
說話 |
speak [spik] |
spoke [spok] |
spoken [spok4n] |
|
偷 |
steal [stil] |
stole [stol] |
stolen [stol4n] |
|
打破 |
break [brek] |
broke [brok] |
broken [`brok4n] |
|
挑選 |
choose [t]uz] |
chose [t]oz] |
chosen [`t]ozn] |
|
冰凍 |
freeze [friz] |
froze [froz] |
frozen [`frozx] |
|
編織 |
weave [wiv] |
wove [wov] |
woven [`wov4n] |
|
咬 |
bite [ba6t] |
bit [b6t] |
bitten [`b6tx] |
|
躲藏 |
hide [ha6d] |
hid [h6d] |
hidden [`h6dx] |
|
生，忍受，負載 |
bear[
b5r] |
bore [bor] |
born [b7rn] |
|
撕裂 |
tear [t5r] |
tore [t7r] |
torn [torn] |
|
穿，戴 |
wear [w5r] |
wore [wor] |
worn [worn] |
|
發誓 |
swear [sw5r] |
swore [swor] |
sworn [sworn] |
|
升起 |
rise [ra6z] |
rose [roz] |
risen [`r6zx] |
|
駕駛 |
drive [dra6v] |
drove [drov] |
driven [`dr6v4n] |
|
奮鬥 |
strive [stra6v] |
strove [strov] |
striven [`str6vn] |
|
騎乘 |
ride [ra6d] |
rode [rod] |
ridden [`r6dx] |
|
寫 |
write [ra6t] |
wrote [rot] |
written [`r6tx] |
|
拿取 |
take [tek] |
took [t8k] |
taken [`tek4n] |
|
誤會 |
mistake [m6`stek] |
mistook [m6s`t8k] |
mistaken [m6`stek4n] |
|
搖動 |
shake []ek] |
shook []8k] |
shaken [`]ek4n] |
|
知道 |
know [no] |
knew [nju] |
known [non] |
|
生長 |
grow [gro] |
grew [gru] |
grown [gron] |
|
吹 |
blow [blo] |
blew [blu] |
blown [blon] |
|
投擲 |
throw [qro] |
threw [qru] |
thrown [qron] |
|
飛
|
fly [fla6] |
flew [flu] |
flown [flon] |
|
畫，拉 |
draw [dr7] |
drew [dru] |
drawn [dr7n] |
|
去 |
go [go] |
went [w5nt] |
gone [g7n] |
|
做 |
do [du] |
did [d6d] |
done [d9n] |
|
給 |
give [g6v] |
gave [gev] |
given [`g6v4n] |
|
寬恕 |
forgive [f0`g6v] |
forgave [f0`gev] |
forgiven [f0`g6vn6s] |
|
忘記 |
forget [f0`g5t] |
forgot [f0`g3t] |
forgotten [f0`gatx] |
|
看 |
see [si] |
saw [s7] |
seen [sin] |
|
吃 |
eat [it] |
ate [et] |
eaten [`itx] |
|
落下 |
fall [f7l] |
fell [f5l] |
fallen [`f7l4n] |
|
躺，臥 |
lie [la6] |
lay [le] |
lain [len] |
|
展示 |
show []o] |
showed []od] |
shown []on] |
4-1
4-2 4-3
4-4
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